Common-emitter amplifier — UPSC Physics Optional CSE 2003 Paper II

Derive the various current components in a p-n-p transistor when it is actively biased. Using Ebers-Moll model, show that for the common-emitter configuration I_C = -\alpha I_E - I_{CO} \left(E^{V_C/V_T} - 1\right) where the symbols have the usual meaning.